I am fascinated by a phenomenon that is a variant of the Freudian slip. Call it error infection. Anytime I truly get on my high horse and go on about an error someone has made – a journalist, a politician, a critic, etc. – my commentary will inevitably be undermined by an error I make in the scolding. My contempt for a mathematical mistake, a boggled reference, an illogical deduction, a false analogy, will spawn, in my own writing, a mathematical mistake, a boggled reference, and blah blah blah.
“I’m so bored. I hate my life.” - Britney Spears
Das Langweilige ist interessant geworden, weil das Interessante angefangen hat langweilig zu werden. – Thomas Mann
"Never for money/always for love" - The Talking Heads
Saturday, August 31, 2024
The price of scorn
Friday, August 30, 2024
Three Urns
1. In the preface to Urne Burial,
which was published in 1658, Browne remarks largely on the “sad pitchers”
lately disinterred in Norfolk. Presumably pitchers containing the ashes of
Romans. Romans, as conquerors of
Britain,were technically enemies, but Browne is never stinting in his
humanism, and quotes Horace: We mercifully preserve their bones, and pisse not
upon their ashes.”
Pissing is not a mere random
word, here, for in the burial urn Browne saw the whole anatomy of man, clothed
and unclothed in all of his biological regalia, from birth, digestion and
excretion to death and cremation.
The occasion of Browne’s essay is
simply stated: “In a Field of old Walsingham, not many months past, were digged
up between fourty and fifty Urnes.” Browne’s recent biographer, Hugh
Aldersey-Williams, had the notion that he would, as it were, walk Browne’s life
– go to places which Browne mentions in his works, and see things in those
places that Browne might have seen, relics indeed from the 17th century. A sort
of psychogeography of a life, in the manner of Iain Sinclair, but without the
style. Mostly, of course, the landscape
of Sir Thomas Browne is gone: as are the Walsingham urnes. But
Adersey-Williams, undeterred, went to another site that Browne went to years
after the Walsingham discovery. As in some the voice-over to some reality tv
show contest, A-W gives us the mood music: “The first challenge is to locate
the site. Browne describes the field as ‘lying between Buxton and Brampton, but
belonging unto Brampton’; that is to say within the parish of Brampton.” And he
is off on the treasure hunt.
I am not sure walking Browne’s
life really gets us into Browne’s life: as the biographer does not subdue
himself to the biographical subject, we begin to suspect that we are going to
find out more about the treasure hunting biographer than about the biographer’s
subject, with whom he seems oddly out of tune. For instance, at one point he
calls the Urne Burial maudlin – which seems to be his description of
melancholia. Adersey-Williams is evidently not a blues fan.
I am, though.
In a passage of seventeenth century metaphysical splendour,
Browne saw the urn as both the habitat of the dead and the figure of birth
itself:
“While many have handles, ears,
and long necks, but most imitate a circular figure, in a sphericall and round
composure; whether from any mystery, best duration or capacity, were but a
conjecture. But the common form with necks was a proper figure, making our last
bed like our first; nor much unlike the Urnes of our Nativity, while we lay in
the nether part of the Earth,3 and inward vault of our Microcosme.”
This is the kind of prose that
will find an odd revival in the American twentieth century. Djuna Barnes,
William Faulkner, Eudora Welty, and Cormac McCarthy all, in their own ways, go
back to the syntactical branchings of the seventeenth century masters – partly
because there is something very oral about them, closer to speech than the more
rational rhetoric ofthe 19th century.
2. The spring of 1819 was a great
season for Keats’ poetry. Something in that season worked on Shelley and Byron
too, the romantic crewe which drew such condescension from the New Criticism in
the 20th century, under Eliot’s distaste for disturbances in a tradition he was
making up as a bulwark against social democracy and all its fruits. For the New
Critics, evidently Shelley’s great sonnet, England in 1819, showed the
immaturity that was sloughed off by
“mature” poets. To me, of course, it shows Shelley had a keen eye for the
idiocy of British tradition and politics.
3. Keats was living in Hampstead,
in a “semi-detached villa” that he rented with a friend, Charles Armitage
Brown. Fanny Brawne and her mother lived in another semi-detached villa in the
same subdivision, which gave Keats and Brawne a lot of opportunities to walk
and talk and kiss and not tell, I suppose.
4. More importantly for our
second urn, the Grecian urn of Keats’ poem, Benjamin Robert Haydon, the
impecunious painter, also lived nearby. According to Keats’ biographer, William
Rossetti (Rossetti felt he was infinitely more educated and classy than the
poet, and makes that known in every sentence of his book), Keats would walk
with Haydon in the nearby Kilbourn meadows and “chaunt” his poems, including
the Ode to the Grecian Urn. Haydon,
after all, knew something about Greek Urns. What he told Keats in Kilburn
meadows would be, as Sir Thomas Browne might put it, an interesting topic for
speculation, up there with the songs the Sirens sung: unknowables.
5. In an article entitled The
Shield and the Urn: the search for the source of Keat’s Grecian Urn, I.B.
Cauthen ponders the suggestion that there was really one urn that inspired
Keats. However, he thinks this is unlikely, and that the urn was all in Keats’
fancy, an identi-kit of Grecian urns: “there has been a host of suggestions
concerning the original urn. The Townley Vase in the British Museum, the
Holland House Vase, the Sosibios Vase, illustrated in a four-volume collection
of engravings of art works that Napoleon extorted from Italy, the Borghese Vase
in Piranesi's drawings of vases and candela” all have their devotees – yet all
were merely contributaries, as it were, to the one unravishable urn that Keats
describes in the poem:
6. There exists a drawing of a
Grecian urn attributed to Keats – which looks like the Sosibios Vase. It is as
possible, even probable, that Haydon took Keats to see the catalogues of
antiquities. As important as these models, I think, was the anti-model presented
by the bourgeois notion of beauty of Keats friend, or ex-friend, Leigh Hunt. In
a letter from 1818 to his his brother George, Keats wrote:
“Hunt does one harm by making
fine things pretty and beautiful things hateful. Through him I am indifferent
to Mozart, I care not for white Busts – many a glorious thing when associated
with him becomes a nothing. This distorts one’s mind – makes one’s thoughts
bizarre – Perplexes one in the standards of Beauty.”
The negative image, the glorious
thing made nothing, is negated itself in the Ode. Against Hunt’s knowingness,
Keats does not posit an argument, but a series of questions that have a
supra-argumentative force:
What men or gods are these? What
maidens loth?
What mad pursuit? What struggle
to escape?
What pipes and timbrels? What wild ecstasy?
7. Our final urn is a pot. It appears, weirdly,
in that prose poem of philosophy, the Spirit of Utopia, by Ernst Bloch –
composed during WWI, against which Bloch, to his eternal credit, protested. He
had migrated to Switzerland, and looked back at the German intellectuals, and
especially his mentor, Simmel, with a puzzled horror.
Simmel is important to Bloch’s
pot. Simmel had established the style
that combined the feuilleton and the monograph, a style that finds its way
through Bloch, Benjamin, Kracauer, Adorno and onward – the voice, as it were,
of the Weimar era. Simmel, however, was no Marxist: he supported the German war
effort and made no bones about it – like Thomas Mann. This made him an
unacknowledgable ancestor, unlike Karl Kraus. Kraus was conservative too, but
he hated the war and, as a great hater, aligned it with his other great hatred
– the feuilleton. The poisonous posterity, as he saw it, of Heine.
Simmel, as Adorno notes in his
essay on Bloch, had written an essay on the handle. Turning to this article,
which was published in Philosophical Culture (a very Simmel-esque title) in
1919, we find the characteristics of Simmel’s analytic framework. Simmel begins
by distinguishing the space of the painting – figurative painting is meant –
from the space of everyday life. A distinct mark of the latter is its
tactility. We can touch a painting, but to suppose that a painting is for
touching would be a mistake – a teaching mistake, really. We are meant to
regard the painting, and in so doing, we see the space that the painting, by
its science of perspective, wants us to look at. The space of a painting of a
pot, for instance, is never the space in which
the pot is handled.
“As a piece of metal that is
tangible, weighable, and incorporated into the ways and means of the
surrounding world, a vase is a segment of reality. At the same time, its
artistic form leads an existence completely detached and self-contained, for
which the material reality of the metal is merely the vehicle. A vessel,
however, unlike a painting or statue, is not intended to be insulated and
untouchable but is meant to fulfill a purpose—if only symbolically. For it is
held in the hand and drawn into the movement of everyday life. Thus the vessel
is in two worlds at one and the same time.” [translation found here
https://www.cabinetmagazine.org/issues/60/simmel.php]
Bloch’s preface to the Spirit of
Utopia is almost a direct response to Simmel’s essay – in fact, knowing that
this essay existed was my way of seeing what in the blazes Bloch was doing.
Bloch’s jug – Krug in the German
- is, for one thing, definitely earthy.
Clay is the matter in question, not Simmel’s metal. That earthiness is intended
– the example is not simply an example, a trait that distinguishes
“continental” philosophy from “analytic”. Its earthiness, its humbleness, in a
sense, aligns Bloch’s jug with the “sad pitchers” dug up in English fields in
Browne’s meditation. But even as this jug comes out of the past, a very
Germanic past, it presents itself in the present to the writer, or to anyone
who comes into its space. Space, here, cannot be stripped of location and time.
And, even, of its location in the space of the text – under the more general
heading, Self-encounter. Its oddness as the beginning of a philosophical text
is made even odder by being the beginning of self-encounter. Instead of going
down the path of introspection, we are thrust into the path of exteriority, as
though the self we were going to encounter was outside of us.
“It has often been imitated. That
is harmless, but there are also more expensive antique exemplars, still holding
their sheen, narrownecked, consciously molded, with many flutes, a beautifully
curly head on the neck and a shield on the belly, and these throw the simple
jug in the shadows. Yet for one who loves it, who sees the superficiality of
the expensive jugs, prefers to its brothers the brown, uncouth implement, which
almost lacks a neck, with a wild man’s face and a meaningful snail insignia on
the swell of its belly, sunlight signs.”
Perhaps in this return to the
European peasant, to the “Nordic vulgarisation” of the Italian variant, Bloch
is touching on an aesthetic that could and would go either way in the post
World War I world. An aesthetic that found less and less room for “what wild
ecstasy?”, substituting an irony that knows a little bit too much – that
ignores, in its knowing, Keats question marks; or an aesthetic of reactionary
nostalgia that forced us all to drink and drink the black milk of morning.
Tuesday, August 27, 2024
Claire poems - Karen Chamisso
Claire poems
Saturday, August 24, 2024
That American skaz
In the Europe of the interwar period, there was a whole
lotta interest in the telling of the tale – the system of the tongue and (as
Walter Benjamin, in a brilliant illumination, realized) – the hand as an
instrument of tactile pressure. This system, incidentally, is opposed to the
system of the eye and the hand as an instrument of writing – the pen, the typewriter.
Variations on the old oral/writing binary – but molecularly interesting
variations, and not reducible to the binary mothership.
In the U.S., we already had the most brilliant of skaz texts
– Huckleberry Finn. During this time, a long line of writers – W.C. Williams,
Hemingway, Faulkner, Hurston, etc. – were trying to tap into the American skaz.
And then there is Eudora Welty.
Since, this summer, I am enduring and enjoying the total sun
and occasional breezes of the South of France, around a pool no less, I am in a
sort of American mood. Funny how these things work by contraries. I’m a little
more hopeful about the Motherland – although aware that, on the edges, America
is financing and providing the weaponry for the mass murder in Gaza. Any hoo, I
have a little paperback stack that includes Eudora Welty’s Collected Stories. I’ve
never settled my accounts with Welty. And why not do it now?
I did have in mind, before I started, the Welty that is too
cute by half, the Welty of the inevitably dragged out “Why I live at the P.O.” Gertrude
Stein said that there are stories that are accrochable and stories that are
inaccrochable – taking her metaphor from the painters, who select for their shows
the painting that can hang – that is, sell, or at least represent them – as opposed
to those they paint that they can’t hang, that they just have to do, somehow. “Why
I live at the P.O.” is hyperaccochable.
It is among the stories that wear out their spirit with being overhung.
So there’s that. Reading around, the lit I came upon Lorrie
Moore’s essay on Welty, which is rather stinting. Moore is worried that Welty
is a racist. And no doubt she is. As was the U.S. during the slave, ethnic
cleansing, and apartheid eras. I think – although, in fairness to Moore, I
haven’t checked this out – that if she were writing about, say, Edith Wharton,
she would not be hung up about Wharton’s racism. But she was. And, I should
say, I am – I, too, am a product of the white American middle class. I pre-existed
before I existed, with my people, my grandparents and great grandparents, enjoying
the bounties of Apartheid America and making it up through the middle class in
a racist game that no retroactive sprinkling of “diversity” is going to make up
for or hide.
So there is that.
Anyway, I plunged randomly in the stories and came upon one
that bowled me over: The Hitchhikers. It was published in A curtain of green
and other stories, where the P.O. story was also collected. The Hitchhikers is
a fierce little story about a salesman, Tom Harris, some hitchhikers he picks
up, one surly, one playing a guitar; and the small town he stops in with them, and
the fight between the hitchhikers in which one gets killed, and the prohibition
era drinking and fucking of this little Missipp town near Memphis.
The Skaz needs a traveler: a pilgrim, a knight, a bum. Or a
salesman. Since Balzac virtually discovered the type with Gaudissart, the
traveling salesman has done a lot of business in lit, especially Am. Lit. It
began, in America, as the Yankee salesman, but in the “new South” the salesman is
a bit different, a bit more ambiguous. Flannery O’Connor, who is a very
different kinda writer than Welty, likes her salesmen to come with their Yankee
rationality or cynicism to visit the internal exiles of Dixie (who are her
knockdown characters). Welty, whose father was a salesman, has a much more
level view of the kind. Tom Harris is not proving any point about secularism or
nihilism. Instead, he is a man around whom excitement happens – but who is
increasingly alienated by that excitement, or numb to it. It is a numbness that
bothers him some. It is not a bit folksy,
the way Welty sometimes embroidered a bit with her tellers and their tales.
This is, rather, the pure products of America finding their excitements
growing, each year, a little colder.
I recognized that South.
The ending bits of the story are perfect:
“Harris, fresh from the barbershop, was standing in the
filling station where his car was being polished.
A right of little boys in bright shirt-tails surrounded him
and the car, with some colored boys waiting behind them.
“Could they git all the blood off the seat and steerin’
wheel, Mr. Harris?”
He nodded. They ran away.
“Mr. Harris,” said a little colored boy who stayed. “Does you
want the box?”
“The what?”
He pointed, to where it lay in the back seat with the sample
cases. “The po’ kilt man’s gittar. Even the policemans didn’t want it.”
“No,” said Harris, and handed it over.”
I love the economy of this ending, with its true American
skaz way with symbols – symbols are embarrassing. That is really one of the
keys to American sentimentality, the edginess with symbols, the embarrassment
one feels when they are too heavily present, one’s sense that symbols lead to
no good thing.
Friday, August 23, 2024
thoughts on Hemingway
1.
In A Moveable Feast, Hemingway is talking about the
fishermen in Paris, the ones on the banks and the bridges that fish in the
Seine. They fascinate him even though, for his part, he prefers to fish in the
mountains. He’s faithful to trout. He sees these people, though. He talks to
these people. And, he writes, “they are good to know about.”
AMF is built on the principle of what it is good to know
about. Ah, the many things – things that attract adjectives like “warm”, “fine”,
“good”. Good is truly a character in these pages. But as we read Hemingway, we find
that the book is built not only on a thesis, but an anti-thesis: the things
that are bad to know about. The accumulated wreckage, broken relationships,
drunks and suicidal tendencies, writer’s blocks and bogus posturing, these give
us a four decades of what is bad to know about. Yet you don’t know anything if
you don’t know what is bad to know about. The good trivializes itself, the work
becomes meaningless.
When I came to France in 1981 to go to the University of
Montpellier, all the Americans I was with, or at least a goodly number, knew
their AMF. How could they not? We were equipped, in high school and college,
with our Hemingway and Scott F. Plus various foreign films. The desire to spend
a year in France has to nourish itself, in a young mind growing up in
Louisiana, on some longing for the cultural monuments, such as they were.
Of course, since 1981 we are told over and over that a sea
change has come, and that the old masters have been given their showtrials and
exiled to used book stores. I have my doubts, however. I imagine that a goodly
number of the American students who will come to France for their year abroad
next year will have some passing acquaintance with Hem and Hadley and Scott and
Zelda.
My generation and the one that came after might have been
fed a systematically canonized Hemingway. We had to tear down that canon in
order to breath, an exercise in our variously achieved enlightenments. What
this meant is that what was good to think about Hemingway – his stubborn faith
in the true sentence – had to overlap with what was bad to think about
Hemingway – the sexism, homophobia, lust for violence, etc. – in order for us
to think at all well about Hemingway.
In his preface to the book, dated 1960, we read, “if the
reader prefers, this book may be regarded as fiction.” Little did Hemingway know that the
60s would belong to these fictional non-fictions. Hemingway knew that a good
way to think about fact was as fiction, he always knew that. So one reads the
hateful bits about Stein and Ford Madox Ford and one reads the faux prole
posturing about knowing as a boy among hobos that one needed a knife and needed
to show one could and would use it to kill to prevent something awful (presumably
rape sodomy) from happening and one grows to feel about this character that he
is, when all things are said and done, worth the time. It works, somehow.
Or it did. It is hard for me to cast off the pathos of
history, of the history since, and read it as straightly as Hemingway hoped it
would be read, or hoped he would, in general, be read.
2.
Tuesday, August 20, 2024
Cleopatra reads T Magazine
Friday, August 16, 2024
Slow (revised)
This is not, I think, my fate. In my imagination, though, I do dip into it. This vacation, I am experiencing the suspended animation of a quasi-country house. Slowness for a time. But not too much time. One of
my favorite sequences in one of my fave films, Bella Tarr’s Satanstango,
concerns the village doctor. We watch him get drunk in his home, fall down in
an apparent stupor, and then get up – after which comes the sequence, which
consists of nothing more than him walking to the village inn to get more
liquor. The thing about it is, the camera follows him in real time. Since
he is old, obese, and intoxicated, that means that the camera watches him make
an at most quarter mile jog in about fifteen minutes. Fifteen minutes! When I
first saw this, I couldn’t believe it – I couldn’t believe Tarr would dare an
audience to basically install itself in the speed and sensibility of one of the
members of the slow cohort of the population – those users of walkers, those
hobblers down sidewalks or the aisles of grocery stores, those old or impaired.
Normally, we’d get a bit of slow hobbling and cut then to the doctor
approaching the inn. We’d get in other words what we expect in the terms of the
speedy cohort, the ones with cars, the ones who run, the ones who stride,
walking their dogs, or over the beach, radiating the get it now ethos.
I’ve had my experience with slowness. When I had a minor
operation on my leg, I was a limper, a crutch-goer. Once, as an afteraffect of
a bad case of pneumonia, I would get out of breath after a pitifully small
number of paces. However, I viewed these as mere accidents to my essential
gait.
Paris is a city with a considerable population of the
elderly, stubbornly clinging to apartments that, as any economist will tell
you, tongue hanging out, should be put up on the free market and bought by
anonymous tycoons with money laundered through Cyprus. But France, shamelessly,
supports its non-use population, and so here we are: on sidewalks behind old
men and women going at their own pace to whereever. I stride past them, full of
pluck, but somewhere in me I know that this pace is coming for me, and sooner
rather than later.
The doctor in Satanstango lives in a village where, aside
from a few cars and tractors, the fastest things are dogs and horses. Not a
metropole. The slow life in the metropole puts one, perhaps, in the margins, or
in the subculture. But what is a major city without a subculture? In the
country, especially the country night in the sticks traversed by our out of
breath doctor, there’s a less kind spirit. Lamed horses are shot, cows and
bulls are only allowed a certain age before they are trucked away and driven up
the chute. And surely some give a slow doctor appraising looks. Yet the whole
village has a sense of itself as slow, against a faster world.
This is not, I think, my fate. In my imagination, though, I
do dip into it. This vacation, I am experiencing the suspended animation of a quasi-country
house. Slowness for a time. But not too much time.
Mr. Grice's progeny
The automatic writing of the Surrealists was miles behind the true weirdness of certain crochets of the analytic philosophers in their prim...
-
You can skip this boring part ... LI has not been able to keep up with Chabert in her multi-entry assault on Derrida. As in a proper duel, t...
-
Ladies and Gentlemen... the moment you have all been waiting for! An adventure beyond your wildest dreams! An adrenaline rush from start to...
-
LI feels like a little note on politics is called for. The comments thread following the dialectics of diddling post made me realize that, ...

